Construction of dams, installation of underwater hydraulic systems, and forces exerted on ships are some of the important and crucial processes that require study of hydrostatic forces.
It is the weight of the liquid acting on the curved surface in contact with the liquid which may be in upward direction due to buoyancy or downward direction due to the weight of the fluid.Study of hydrostatic forces on submerged or static surfaces is very important for the design and engineering processes. But in case of hemispherical or spherical, it becomes circular shape.Įxpress the horizontal component of force. The vertical plane shall be considered to determine the horizontal force, which is the vertical projection of the curved surface generally rectangle. Therefore,įor forces on the curved surface, there will be two forces required to determine the resultant hydrostatic force. i.e., the product of the total area and the distance between free water surface and center of gravity of the contact area.
Here, is the moment of total area of contact about free water surface. Therefore, the total pressure is expressed as, Show the elemental strip of surface area located at x from the free liquid surface as in Figure (2).Įxpress the pressure intensity at the elemental surface.Ĭonsider the number of elemental strips and applying the integration to get total hydrostatic force. Show the element submerged in the liquid distance ( h) from the liquid surface as inĮxpress the forces on the horizontal plane.
The location of total pressure is referred as the center of pressure which is always below the center of gravity of the surface in contact. If the liquid is at rest then there is no tangential force, and hence the total pressure will act perpendicular to the surface with contact. Hydrostatic force refers to the total pressure acting on the layer or surface which is in touch with the liquid or water at rest.
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